Testicular cancer

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Testicular cancer can affect young men, typically between the ages of 20 to 45 years old. It makes up 1% of all cancers in men. The earliest sign you may have noticed is a change in the size and texture of the testis, or if you could feel a lump in the testis itself. This may be confirmed with a scrotal ultrasound.

Certain conditions may increase your risk of testicular cancer. This include undescended testis, previous history of cancer in the other testis, family history, impaired fertility and some genetic conditions.

Most testicular cancers are germ cell tumours. Some tumours may produce tumour markers (AFP, bHCG, LDH). A staging CT scan is required to determine if there is any spread of cancer to other organs of the body. 

Should I perform testicular self-examination?

Yes! This can be life-saving.

Become familiar with the shape, feel and size of your testicles will help you notice any abnormalities at an earlier stage. Characteristics suspicious of testicular cancer:

• Lump or swelling on the testicle itself
• Change in size and shape
• Change in consistency e.g. stony hard texture