The prostate is a walnut-sized organ that sits below the bladder in men. The prostate produces various nourishing protein and chemicals for healthy semen and fertility.
Prostate cancer is the most common cause of cancer in men. Although the majority of prostate cancers are low risk, it remains the second most common cause of cancer related death in men. Prostate cancer may arise within the organ, and this risk is higher with older age. It generally does not cause any symptoms, until it becomes advanced. This is unlike benign enlargement of the prostate (BPH), where men could have trouble with poor flow and bladder emptying issues.
There are two main forms of prostate cancer:
Early or localised prostate cancers are confined within the organ. Most of these can be safely monitored for many years without treatment. This is often called Active Surveillance. Dr. Ivan Aw is a strong enthusiast for Active Surveillance and believes many men die with prostate cancer rather than from the cancer itself.
Advanced cancer may be found in a smaller group of patients. There is a risk of a higher growth rate and spread to other areas of the body. Timely intervention can have a significant impact on survival.
What is PSA?
PSA is short for prostate specific antigen. It is a protein produced by the prostate. Having a raised PSA does not necessarily mean you have prostate cancer. PSA may be elevated because of other causes, such as benign enlargement of the prostate, infection or a recent procedure. Dr. Ivan Aw will assess your situation individually, and may recommend a repeat PSA. In some cases, an MRI of the prostate may also provide important information to the diagnosis.
How is it diagnosed?
Your risk of prostate cancer is based on an assessment of various factors such as clinical history, examination findings and PSA levels (MRI optional). Once prostate cancer is suspected, a prostate biopsy is often performed to confirm this.
How can we help you if you are suspected or confirmed to have prostate cancer?
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